Shares and bonds are among the most popular investment instruments and are recommended to inexperienced players as investing in these instruments does not require expertise, especially in case of long-term investments .

SHARES
Shares are securities confirming that their holder (shareholder) owns a part of the property of a joint-stock company . As a result, a shareholder has a right to receive dividend (share in company profits ), a right to take part in a general shareholding meeting and to manage a company . The more shares of a company a shareholder holds, the more rights he has .
If a company records a substantial growth and generates profits , the profit, in part or in whole, may be paid out to shareholders as dividend . However, it is not a dividend but a stock upside potential that constitutes the key source of financial gains for shareholders .

BONDS
Bonds are safe instruments . They do not run a high risk but also do not generate high profits .
Bonds are securities that belong to the category of debt securities , having a defined nominal value and confirming a loan taken out by an issuer and its promise to pay back the borrowed funds under defined terms and conditions before a specified deadline . Benefits resulting from bonds may be financial , i.e. paying out interest and nominal value , as well as non-cash .
Bonds are sold on primary or secondary markets . If bonds are offered by an issuer, they are sold on the primary market . If a client wants to sell bonds before their maturity date , they are sold on the secondary market . Bonds can be also bought on the primary market (from other investors instead of an issuers directly ).
Sometimes an issuer may entice investors to buy bonds by offering bonds with nominal value of PLN 100 at PLN 97 (with a discount ). Whereas, an issuer is obliged to buy back bonds at PLN 100 , sometimes with interest accrued .